APOD - Simulation: A Disk Galaxy Forms

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2023 May 31

https://www.youtube.com/embed/X4UF9Akman0?rel=0

Simulation: A Disk Galaxy Forms
Video Credit: TNG Collaboration, MPCDF, FAS Harvard U.; Music: World's Sunrise (YouTube: Jimena Contreras)

Explanation: How did we get here? We know that we live on a planet orbiting a star orbiting a galaxy, but how did all of this form? Since our universe moves too slowly to watch, faster-moving computer simulations are created to help find out. Specifically, this featured video from the IllustrisTNG collaboration tracks gas from the early universe (redshift 12) until today (redshift 0). As the simulation begins, ambient gas falls into and accumulates in a region of relatively high gravity. After a few billion years, a well-defined center materializes from a strange and fascinating cosmic dance. Gas blobs -- some representing small satellite galaxies -- continue to fall into and become absorbed by the rotating galaxy as the present epoch is reached and the video ends. For the Milky Way Galaxy, however, big mergers may not be over -- recent evidence indicates that our large spiral disk Galaxy will collide and coalesce with the slightly larger Andromeda spiral disk galaxy in the next few billion years.

Open Science: Browse 3,000+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library
Tomorrow's picture: recycling a star

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Sun protection mistakes to avoid

How to save your skin from summer rays, and why hats deserve a place in your sun protection lineup.

IN a nutshell Hi, friends! It's almost June, which means sun-soaked activities are back in full swing. So we're checking in today with overdue reminders about how to keep yourself as safe as possible from the sun's powerful rays. Below, we debunk some common misconceptions about sun protection and give you more information about: • summer skin care products Healthline editors can't live without • the stylish, practical sun hat I'm obsessed with • common medications that can increase your risk of depression • building sun protection into your wardrobe Stay sharp, Ginger Wojcik Newsletter Editor, Healthline

Written by Ginger Wojcik May 31, 2023 • 5.5 min read

what's got us buzzing 4 things we often get wrong about sun protection The sun is no joke. Not only does ultraviolet (UV) exposure cause the majority of skin cancers worldwide, but it's also responsible for as much as 80% of your skin's signs of aging. But as harmful as the sun's rays can be, spending time outdoors is one of life's great joys, not to mention immensely beneficial to your health. Thus, effective sun protection is a critical life skill. With that in mind, here are some common things that people get wrong about sun protection. "Having a base tan is equivalent to wearing sunscreen." A tan has been found to be as effective as using an SPF 3 or 4, far lower than the recommended SPF 30+. "You can safely get a tan if you work up to it." "There is NO such thing as a safe tan," says board certified dermatologist Julie Karen. "While a tan is less harmful than a blistering sunburn, once you see a tan, the damage is done." "Waterproof sunscreen stays on while swimming." At best, sunscreens are water-resistant. If you're swimming, reapply between every 40–80 minutes, and after each time you towel off. You only need sunscreen when you're spending time outside in the sun. Up to 80%of UV rays still get through on cloudy days. They can also penetrate glass (at lesser rates). Keep reading about how to stay safe from the sun! More on sun protection: What's the difference between UVA and UVB rays? Every sunscreen question you have, answered 16 summer skin care products Healthline editors can't live without

great finds Editor faves with health perks       San Diego Hat Company El Campo Sun Hat I own this wide-brimmed hat from San Diego Hat Company, and I'm obsessed. Not only is it made with ultraviolet protection filter (UPF) 50+ material (which means it blocks out 98% of the sun's rays) it has TWO cinch straps: one on the inner rim of the hat and another under the chin, so it stays snug on my head even on windy days. Plus, it's stylish enough to dress up or down, so you can wear it to parties, the dog park, or wherever else this summer takes you. Shop now Every product we recommend has gone through Healthline's vetting process. If you buy through links on this page, we may receive a small commission or other tangible benefit. Healthline has sole editorial control over this newsletter. Potential uses for the products listed here are not health claims made by the manufacturers. Healthline is owned by RVO Health.

say what   An expert weighs in Q: Is it ever "too late" to start practicing sun-safe habits? A: Nope! While we used to estimate that the vast majority of a person's lifetime sun damage occurred during childhood, we now know that by age 22, only about 20% of one's lifetime damage has been accrued. Each decade thereafter, we acquire an additional 10% of our lifetime damage. Therefore, introducing sun-smart behaviors, even after years of carelessness, will help to reduce additional UV damage from occurring and thus reduce one's cumulative risk of developing all forms of skin cancer. – Julie Karen, a board certified dermatologist

Wednesday Kick Start How to make hats a part of your lifestyle (for your health!) If sunscreen were a failure-proof sun protection method, I would never wear a hat. After all, hat hair is real! But alas, no sunscreen blocks 100% of UV rays. Plus, it's easy to miss reapplying every 2 hours as recommended.. While hats shouldn't be your sole form of protection — UV rays bounce and can therefore affect you in the shade — they can boost your efforts when used in tandem with sunscreen. Because I'm passionate about sun protection, I've learned to work hats into my lifestyle. Here are some tips I've learned along the way: • Invest in fashionable hats: You may find there are many outdoor events in the summer where you want to look nice and still have protection. • Look for hats that are rated UPF 30+: This means the fabric has been approved to block out the majority of UV rays. • Opt for wide-brimmed hats whenever possible: A baseball cap can be a convenient solution in a pinch, but it won't protect your ears, neck, or shoulders. • Buy hats that will stay on your head: Thanks to our old friend the wind, a hat needs to have a cinching mechanism in order to be effective. • Always keep a hat in your car: This is your car hat. It does not leave the car unless it's on your head. Want to protect your health in style this summer? Check out our article on which sun protective clothing works best.

health stories you need What we're reading next 💊 These common medications can increase your risk of depression. If you're taking one of these drugs, it's important to keep a close eye on your mood in case symptoms of depression start to develop. 🥗 Switching to a Mediterranean-style diet may equal taking a lot more steps. A new study suggests that healthy eating may be as beneficial as walking an additional 4,000 steps a day. 🔉 Podcast: The best mental health insights from the past year. In honor of Mental Health Awareness Month, host Gabe Howard combed through hours of audio to pick his favorite clips of the year. ✈️ 7 ways to overcome your fear of flying. Despite being one of the safest forms of travel, flying is a common cause of worry and panic. Let's look into effective ways to work through the fear.

you're up As a fair skinned person who surfs, my relationship with the sun is fraught, to say the least. I follow all guidelines as strictly as I can, but at the end of the day I have to accept that my lifestyle requires a certain level of risk when it comes to the sun. Do you have a similar experience from your own life you feel willing to share? Tell us: How do you balance enjoying sunny weather while still protecting yourself from UV rays? Let us know at wellnesswire@healthline.com. (Please note that we may share your name and response in an upcoming newsletter!)

Thanks for reading, everyone! Last week, we asked for health-related book suggestions and got some great responses we wanted to share with you all. Enjoy! (These responses have been edited for clarity.) 2 favs of late: Eat to Beat Your Diet [by] William Li and Into the Flo [by] Alissa Vitti — Marissa F. Best wellness book is "Outlive" by Dr Peter Attria. I am almost halfway through and it is eye opening on so many health topics so far. — Joe K. A fantastic "wellness" book helped me understand and appreciate the interconnectivity of all things from the ancient wisdom of [an] indigenous person and botanist. Opened up my spirit and sense of belonging. Braiding Sweetgrass by Robin Wall Kimmerer — Michael The best health related book I've read recently is Our Bodies, Ourselves [by Judy Norsigian]! — Zoe H.

Until next time, Take care of yourself, and we'll see you again soon!     This edition was powered by all the hats.   View in browser Did a friend send you this email? Subscribe here. To see all newsletters, click here. Privacy    |    Unsubscribe Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment and should not be used as a substitute for medical advice from a healthcare professional. Healthline encourages you to make any treatment decisions with your healthcare professional. Healthline is owned by RVO Health. © 2023 Healthline Media LLC 275 7th Ave., 24th Floor New York, NY 10001

House lawmakers vote on the debt ceiling; the Sackler family gets immunity; the Pittsburgh shooting trial is underway

Plus, tech experts have a dire warning about AI.

View this email online by Suzanne Nuyen May 31, 2023 Good morning. I've got some bad news for the people looking forward to peach season: 90% of this year's Georgia's peach crop has been destroyed by bad weather and warming climate. 😢 Here's what else we're following today. House lawmakers are set to vote tonight on a bill that would lift the U.S. debt ceiling and avoid a default. While President Biden and House Speaker Kevin McCarthy see the deal as a needed compromise, both conservative and progressive lawmakers are unhappy. Alex Brandon/AP 🎧 NPR's Deirdre Walsh says on Up First that some Democrats are upset about policy provisions in the bill that would change how energy projects are approved and add work requirements for some adults who receive assistance like food stamps. If the bill passes, it will head to the Senate. Walsh reports that Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer said he would keep the Senate late for the vote. ➡️ Republicans upset with the deal are threatening to oust McCarthy. Texas Gov. Chip Roy said no Republicans should vote for the bill and threatened a "reckoning" no matter what happens. A New York federal appeals court's ruling in a controversial bankruptcy deal will grant the Sackler family immunity from lawsuits related to its role in the opioid crisis. The family will pay roughly $6 billion for addiction and health care programs and give up control of their company, Purdue Pharma. 🎧 While this is a legal victory for the Sackler family, NPR's Briann Mann reports that it's a different story for its reputation. While the family used to be respected philanthropists, protests over its role in pushing OxyContin sales have led many universities and museums to remove their names from galleries. Lawyers gave their opening statements yesterday in the trial of Robert Bowers, the man accused of shooting and killing 11 Jewish worshippers at a Pittsburgh synagogue in 2018. Bowers faces 63 federal charges, including hate crimes, and could get the death penalty if found guilty.  🎧 WESA's Oliver Morrison reports that prosecutors emphasized the antisemitic statements Bowers made online. Meanwhile, the defense isn't disputing Bowers' guilt but will challenge whether he was rational. One of the witnesses, Rabbi Jeffrey Myers, testified and described hiding in a bathroom and reciting a Jewish prayer for the congregants. ➡️ Keep up with the trial with WESA's live blog. Tech industry experts have a dire warning: The AI programs we're creating could outsmart us and lead to our collective demise. A group that includes scientists, AI experts, journalists and policymakers has released a statement urging the world to give the same priority to mitigating AI risks as it would to pandemics or nuclear war. 🎧 On Morning Edition, University of Massachusetts Amherst associate professor Scott Niekum discusses what persuaded him to sign the warning. Newsletter continues after sponsor message Arin Yoon Photographer Arin Yoon came to the U.S. when she was 5 years old. She writes about the Korean concept of han, or the "collective feeling of sorrow relating to having been colonized and oppressed." Her photos re-examine her connection to the U.S., reconsidering histories while exploring her connection to the landscape, her children and their past and future selves. Sam Yeh/AFP via Getty Images Decades ago, Taiwan set up propaganda broadcast stations off the coast of mainland China to try and get listeners in Communist China to defect. Women's voices and the dulcet tones of pop star Teresa Teng became one of their key tools of persuasion. 🎧 Listen to the Taiwanese women behind the microphones reflect on their "fight for hearts and minds" or read their stories. Ron Harris/AP Former first lady Rosalynn Carter, a longtime advocate for mental health care, has been diagnosed with dementia. A statement from The Carter Center says she "continues to live happily at home with her husband," Jimmy Carter, who entered hospice care in February. It's bird migration season. If you listen carefully, stunning and diverse birdsong can be found even in the densest cities. Air New Zealand will begin weighing passengers for international flights "for safety reasons." Passengers won't see numbers from the scales, which will be anonymous. Listen to your local NPR station. Visit NPR.org to hear live radio from WUFT 89.1 (edit station). This newsletter was edited by Majd Al-Waheidi. Enjoying this newsletter? Forward to a friend! They can sign up here. Looking for more great content? Check out all of our newsletter offerings — including Music, Politics, Health and more! You received this message because you're subscribed to Best of NPR emails. This email was sent by National Public Radio, Inc., 1111 North Capitol Street NE, Washington, DC 20002 Unsubscribe  |  Privacy Policy