Tuesday, April 29, 2025

APOD - Saturn's Rings Appear to Disappear

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2025 April 29
The planet Saturn is shown many times down the composite  image. The top image was taken in 2020 and shows Saturn's rings  very clearly, whereas the bottom image was taken in 2025 and the  rings are only visible as a dark line across the planet. The  six images show the progression year by year.  Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Saturn's Rings Appear to Disappear
Image Credit & Copyright: Natan Fontes

Explanation: Where are Saturn's ears? Galileo is credited, in 1610, as the first person to see Saturn's rings. Testing out Lipperhey's recently co-invented telescope, Galileo did not know what they were and so called them "ears". The mystery deepened in 1612, when Saturn's ears mysteriously disappeared. Today we know exactly what happened: from the perspective of the Earth, Saturn's rings had become too thin to see. The same drama plays out every 15 years because Saturn, like Earth, undergoes tilt-driven seasons. This means that as Saturn goes around the Sun, its equator and rings can tilt noticeably toward the Sun and inner Solar System, making them easily visible, but from other orbital locations will appear almost not at all. The featured picture from Brasilia, Brazil shows a modern version of this sequence: the top ring-dominated image was taken in 2020, while the bottom ring-obscure image taken earlier in 2025.

Make Saturn's Rings Musical: Play them like a harp!
Tomorrow's picture: smiling sky


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