Sunday, February 9, 2025

APOD - Milky Way over the Australian Pinnacles

Astronomy Picture of the Day

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2025 February 9
A flat landscape is shown at night that appears mostly  brown. Numerous unusual rock spires are seen rising from the   group. Above, a full star field is seen with the arch of our   Milky Way Galaxy curving from left to right.   Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Milky Way over the Australian Pinnacles
Image Credit & Copyright: Michael Goh

Explanation: What strange world is this? Earth. In the foreground of the featured image are the Pinnacles, unusual rock spires in Nambung National Park in Western Australia. Made of ancient sea shells (limestone), how these human-sized picturesque spires formed remains unknown. In the background, just past the end of the central Pinnacle, is a bright crescent Moon. The eerie glow around the Moon is mostly zodiacal light, sunlight reflected by dust grains orbiting between the planets in the Solar System. Arching across the top is the central band of our Milky Way Galaxy. Many famous stars and nebulas are also visible in the background night sky. The featured 29-panel panorama was taken and composed in 2015 September after detailed planning that involved the Moon, the rock spires, and their corresponding shadows. Even so, the strong zodiacal light was a pleasant surprise.

Your Sky Surprise: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday? (post 1995)
Tomorrow's picture: glow bird


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Saturday, February 8, 2025

APOD - A Conjunction of Crescents

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2025 February 8
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

A Conjunction of Crescents
Image Credit & Copyright: Aldo S. Kleiman

Explanation: A waxing crescent Moon and a waning crescent Venus are found at opposite corners of this twilight telephoto field of view. The close conjunction of the two brightest celestial beacons in planet Earth's western evening sky was captured on February 1 from Rosario, Argentina. On that date, the slender crescent Moon was about 3 days old. But the Moon's visible sunlit crescent will grow to a bright Full Moon by February 14. Like the Moon, Venus cycles through phases as it orbits the Sun. And while its visible sunlit crescent narrows, the inner planet's apparent size increases as it gets closer to Earth. In a Valentine from the Solar System, Venus, named for the Roman goddess of Love, will also reach its peak brightness in planet Earth's evening skies around February 14.

Tomorrow's picture: southern skyscape


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Friday, February 7, 2025

APOD - LEDA 1313424: The Bullseye Galaxy

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2025 February 7
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

LEDA 1313424: The Bullseye Galaxy
Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Imad Pasha (Yale), Pieter van Dokkum (Yale)

Explanation: The giant galaxy cataloged as LEDA 1313424 is about two and a half times the size of our own Milky Way. Its remarkable appearance in this recently released Hubble Space Telescope image strongly suggests its nickname "The Bullseye Galaxy". Known as a collisional ring galaxy it has nine rings confirmed by telescopic observations, rippling from its center like waves from a pebble dropped into a pond. Of course, the pebble dropped into the Bullseye galaxy was a galaxy itself. Telescopic observations identify the blue dwarf galaxy at center-left as the likely collider, passing through the giant galaxy's center and forming concentric rings in the wake of their gravitational interaction. The Bullseye Galaxy lies some 567 million light-years away toward the constellation Pisces. At that distance, this stunning Hubble image would span about 530,000 light-years.

Tomorrow's picture: light-weekend


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[52+] Parc D'aventure Nature - ..

21+

Thursday, February 6, 2025

APOD - IC 2574: Coddington's Nebula

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2025 February 6
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

IC 2574: Coddington's Nebula
Image Credit & Copyright: Lorand Fenyes

Explanation: Grand spiral galaxies often seem to get all the glory, flaunting their young, bright, blue star clusters in beautiful, symmetric spiral arms. But small, irregular galaxies form stars too. In fact dwarf galaxy IC 2574 shows clear evidence of intense star forming activity in its telltale reddish regions of glowing hydrogen gas. Just as in spiral galaxies, the turbulent star-forming regions in IC 2574 are churned by stellar winds and supernova explosions spewing material into the galaxy's interstellar medium and triggering further star formation. A mere 12 million light-years distant, IC 2574 is part of the M81 group of galaxies, seen toward the northern constellation Ursa Major. Also known as Coddington's Nebula, the lovely island universe is about 50,000 light-years across, discovered by American astronomer Edwin Coddington in 1898.

Tomorrow's picture: pixels in space


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Tuesday, February 4, 2025

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APOD - Anticrepuscular Rays: A Rainbow Fan over Spain

Astronomy Picture of the Day

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2025 February 4
A rainbow is pictured over the sea between an island  and land. A series of  light rays appears to connect the horizon to the rainbow.  Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Anticrepuscular Rays: A Rainbow Fan over Spain
Image Credit & Copyright: Julene Eiguren

Explanation: Yes, but can your rainbow do this? Late in the day, the Sun set as usual toward the west. However, on this day, the more interesting display was 180 degrees around -- toward the east. There, not only was a rainbow visible, but an impressive display of anticrepuscular rays from the rainbow's center. In the featured image from Lekeitio in northern Spain, the Sun is behind the camera. The rainbow resulted from sunlight reflecting back from falling rain. Anticrepuscular rays result from sunlight, blocked by some clouds, going all the way around the sky, overhead, and appearing to converge on the opposite horizon -- an optical illusion. Rainbows by themselves can be exciting to see, and anticrepuscular rays a rare treat, but capturing them both together is even more unusual -- and can look both serene and surreal.

Jigsaw Challenge: Astronomy Puzzle of the Day
Tomorrow's picture: comet set


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Monday, February 3, 2025

[32+] Linge Lit Lin Naturel Luxueux - ..

20+

APOD - Wolf-Rayet Star 124: Stellar Wind Machine

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2025 February 3
A starfield is shown with a large spherical nebula  in the center. The nebula shows a great deal of internal structure.   Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Wolf-Rayet Star 124: Stellar Wind Machine
Image Credit: Hubble Legacy Archive, NASA, ESA; Processing & License: Judy Schmidt

Explanation: Some stars explode in slow motion. Rare, massive Wolf-Rayet stars are so tumultuous and hot that they are slowly disintegrating right before our telescopes. Glowing gas globs each typically over 30 times more massive than the Earth are being expelled by violent stellar winds. Wolf-Rayet star WR 124, visible near the featured image center, is thus creating the surrounding nebula known as M1-67, which spans six light years across. Details of why this star has been slowly blowing itself apart over the past 20,000 years remains a topic of research. WR 124 lies 15,000 light-years away towards the constellation of the Arrow (Sagitta). The fate of any given Wolf-Rayet star likely depends on how massive it is, but many are thought to end their lives with spectacular explosions such as supernovas or gamma-ray bursts.

Explore Your Universe: Random APOD Generator
Tomorrow's picture: anti-rainbow


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Sunday, February 2, 2025

APOD - Comet G3 ATLAS Disintegrates

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2025 February 2
A series of comet images is shown. On the far left the   image shows Comet G3 ATLAS with a bright central concentration  at its head near the bottom of the frame. By the far right,  this central concentration is nearly gone.    Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Comet G3 ATLAS Disintegrates
Image Credit: Lionel Majzik

Explanation: What's happening to Comet G3 ATLAS? After passing near the Sun in mid-January, the head of the comet has become dimmer and dimmer. By late January, Comet C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) had become a headless wonder -- even though it continued to show impressive tails after sunset in the skies of Earth's Southern Hemisphere. Pictured are images of Comet G3 ATLAS on successive January nights taken from Río Hurtado, Chile. Clearly, the comet's head is brighter and more centrally condensed on the earlier days (left) than on later days (right). A key reason is likely that the comet's nucleus of ice and rock, at the head's center, has fragmented. Comet G3 ATLAS passed well inside the orbit of planet Mercury when at its solar closest, a distance that where heat destroys many comets. Some of comet G3 ATLAS' scattering remains will continue to orbit the Sun.

Gallery: Comet G3 ATLAS
Tomorrow's picture: star-sized wind machine


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Saturday, February 1, 2025

APOD - Nacreous Clouds over Sweden

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2025 February 1
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

Nacreous Clouds over Sweden
Image Credit & Copyright: Vojan Höfer

Explanation: Vivid and lustrous, wafting iridescent waves of color wash across this skyscape from northern Sweden. Known as nacreous clouds or mother-of-pearl clouds, they are rare. But their unforgettable appearance was captured in this snapshot on January 12 with the Sun just below the local horizon. A type of polar stratospheric cloud, they form when unusually cold temperatures in the usually cloudless lower stratosphere form ice crystals. Still sunlit at altitudes of around 15 to 25 kilometers, the clouds diffract the sunlight even when the Sun itself is hidden from direct view.

Tomorrow's picture: comet disintegrates


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Friday, January 31, 2025

[23+] Calligraphie Bismillah Chic - ..

21+

APOD - The Variable Nebula NGC 2261

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2025 January 31
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

The Variable Nebula NGC 2261
Image Credit & Copyright: Tommy Lease (Denver Astronomical Society)

Explanation: The interstellar cloud of dust and gas captured in this sharp telescopic snapshot is seen to change its appearance noticeably over periods as short as a few weeks. Discovered over 200 years ago and cataloged as NGC 2261, bright star R Monocerotis lies at the tip of the fan-shaped nebula. About one light-year across and 2500 light-years away, NGC 2261 was studied early last century by astronomer Edwin Hubble and the mysterious cosmic cloud is now more famous as Hubble's Variable Nebula. So what makes Hubble's nebula vary? NGC 2261 is composed of a dusty reflection nebula fanning out from the star R Monocerotis. The leading variability explanation holds that dense knots of obscuring dust pass close to R Mon and cast moving shadows across the dust clouds in the rest of Hubble's Variable Nebula.

Tomorrow's picture: light-weekend


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Thursday, January 30, 2025

APOD - Hydrogen Clouds of M33

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2025 January 30
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Hydrogen Clouds of M33
Image Credit & Copyright: Pea Mauro

Explanation: Gorgeous spiral galaxy Messier 33 seems to have more than its fair share of glowing hydrogen gas. A prominent member of the local group of galaxies, M33 is also known as the Triangulum Galaxy and lies a mere 3 million light-years away. The galaxy's central 60,000 light-years or so are shown in this sharp galaxy portrait. The portrait features M33's reddish ionized hydrogen clouds or HII regions. Sprawling along loose spiral arms that wind toward the core, M33's giant HII regions are some of the largest known stellar nurseries, sites of the formation of short-lived but very massive stars. Intense ultraviolet radiation from the luminous, massive stars ionizes the surrounding hydrogen gas and ultimately produces the characteristic red glow. In this image, broadband data were combined with narrowband data recorded through a filter that transmits the light of the strongest visible hydrogen and oxygen emission lines.

Tomorrow's picture: pixels in space


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Tuesday, January 28, 2025

[26+] Coin Repos Moderne - ..

25+

APOD - Comet G3 ATLAS over Uruguay

Astronomy Picture of the Day

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2025 January 28
A foreground grass field is shown below a distant field   of stars. On the grass field are some trees. Dwarfing the   trees, in the sky, is a comet with a long tail.   Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Comet G3 ATLAS over Uruguay
Image Credit & Copyright: Mauricio Salazar

Explanation: Comets can be huge. When far from the Sun, a comet's size usually refers to its hard nucleus of ice and rock, which typically spans a few kilometers -- smaller than even a small moon. When nearing the Sun, however, this nucleus can eject dust and gas and leave a thin tail that can spread to an enormous length -- even greater than the distance between the Earth and the Sun. Pictured, C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) sports a tail of sunlight-reflecting dust and glowing gas that spans several times the apparent size of a full moon, appearing even larger on long duration camera images than to the unaided eye. The featured image shows impressive Comet ATLAS over trees and a grass field in Sierras de Mahoma, San Jose, Uruguay about a week ago. After being prominent in the sunset skies of Earth's southern hemisphere, Comet G3 ATLAS is now fading as it moves away from the Sun, making its impressive tails increasingly hard to see.

Gallery: Comet ATLAS (G3)
Tomorrow's picture: star circles


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Monday, January 27, 2025

APOD - Pleiades over Half Dome

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2025 January 27
A cluster of bright blue stars is seen on the upper right  while an unusual dome-like mountain occupies most of the   frame.  Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Pleiades over Half Dome
Image Credit & Copyright: Dheera Venkatraman

Explanation: Stars come in bunches. The most famous bunch of stars on the sky is the Pleiades, a bright cluster that can be easily seen with the unaided eye. The Pleiades lies only about 450 light years away, formed about 100 million years ago, and will likely last about another 250 million years. Our Sun was likely born in a star cluster, but now, being about 4.5 billion years old, its stellar birth companions have long since dispersed. The Pleiades star cluster is pictured over Half Dome, a famous rock structure in Yosemite National Park in California, USA. The featured image is a composite of 28 foreground exposures and 174 images of the stellar background, all taken from the same location and by the same camera on the same night in October 2019. After calculating the timing of a future juxtaposition of the Pleiades and Half Dome, the astrophotographer was unexpectedly rewarded by an electrical blackout, making the background sky unusually dark.

Astrophysicists: Browse 3,500+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library
Tomorrow's picture: big comet


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Sunday, January 26, 2025

APOD - The Many Tails of Comet G3 ATLAS

Astronomy Picture of the Day

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2025 January 26
A dark sloping hill is seen at the bottom with a   bright comet with many tails visible above it, taking  up most of the frame. The tails closest to the slope   are the most dim.   Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

The Many Tails of Comet G3 ATLAS
Image Credit & Copyright: Martin Mašek (FZU, Czech Academy of Sciences) & Jakub Kuřák

Explanation: Why does this comet have so many tails? C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) has developed several long and intricate tails visible from Earth's southern hemisphere over the past two weeks. Many observers reported seeing the impressive comet without any optical aid above the western horizon just after sunset. At least six different tails appear in the featured image captured five days ago from the dark skies above Paranal Observatory in Chile. One possible cause for the multiple tails is dust and gas being expelled from the comet's rotating nucleus. The outward push of the Sun's complex solar wind may also play a role. The huge iceberg-like nucleus of Comet ATLAS appears to have broken up near its closest approach to the Sun two weeks ago. Unfortunately, Comet ATLAS and its tails are expected to fade significantly over the coming weeks.

Your Sky Surprise: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday? (post 1995)
Tomorrow's picture: half dome stars


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Saturday, January 25, 2025

APOD - Stardust in the Perseus Molecular Cloud

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2025 January 25
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

Stardust in the Perseus Molecular Cloud
Image Credit & Copyright: Jeff Schilling

Explanation: Clouds of stardust drift through this deep skyscape, across the Perseus molecular cloud some 850 light-years away. Dusty nebulae reflecting light from embedded young stars stand out in the nearly 4 degree wide field of view. With a characteristic bluish color reflection nebula NGC 1333 is prominent near center. Hints of contrasting red emission from Herbig-Haro objects, the jets and shocked glowing gas emanating from recently formed stars, are scattered across the dusty expanse. While many stars are forming in the molecular cloud, most are obscured at visible wavelengths by the pervasive dust. The chaotic environment surrounding NGC 1333 may be similar to one in which our own Sun formed over 4.5 billion years ago. At the estimated distance of the Perseus molecular cloud, this cosmic scene would span about 80 light-years.

Growing Gallery: Comet ATLAS (G3)
Tomorrow's picture: comet tails


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[42+] Coupes Sophistiquées Et élégantes - ..

25+

Friday, January 24, 2025

APOD - Comet G3 ATLAS: a Tail and a Telescope

Astronomy Picture of the Day

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2025 January 24
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

Comet G3 ATLAS: a Tail and a Telescope
Image Credit & Copyright: Yuri Beletsky (Carnegie Las Campanas Observatory, TWAN)

Explanation: Comet C/2024 G3 ATLAS has made a dramatic appearance in planet Earth's skies. A visitor from the distant Oort Cloud, the comet reached its perihelion on January 13. On January 19, the bright comet was captured here from ESO Paranal Observatory in the Atacama desert in Chile. Sporting spectacular sweeping dust tails, this comet ATLAS is setting in the southern hemisphere twilight and was clearly visible to the unaided eye. In the foreground is the closed shell of one of the observatory's famous auxiliary telescopes. Still wowing southern hemisphere observers, the comet's bright coma has become diffuse, its icy nucleus apparently disintegrating following its close approach to the Sun.

Growing Gallery: Comet ATLAS (G3)
Tomorrow's picture: stardust


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Thursday, January 23, 2025

APOD - NGC 7814: Little Sombrero

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2025 January 23
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download  the highest resolution version available.

NGC 7814: Little Sombrero
Image Credit & Copyright: Mike Selby

Explanation: Point your telescope toward the high flying constellation Pegasus and you can find this cosmic expanse of Milky Way stars and distant galaxies. NGC 7814 is centered in the sharp field of view that would almost be covered by a full moon. NGC 7814 is sometimes called the Little Sombrero for its resemblance to the brighter more famous M104, the Sombrero Galaxy. Both Sombrero and Little Sombrero are spiral galaxies seen edge-on, and both have extensive halos and central bulges cut by a thin disk with thinner dust lanes in silhouette. In fact, NGC 7814 is some 40 million light-years away and an estimated 60,000 light-years across. That actually makes the Little Sombrero about the same physical size as its better known namesake, appearing smaller and fainter only because it is farther away.

Tomorrow's picture: a tail and a telescope


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Wednesday, January 22, 2025

APOD - The North America Nebula

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2025 January 22
A star field is dominated by a red and blue glowing  nebula. This nebula appears, to some, to have the shape  of North America and so is called the North America Nebula.  Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

The North America Nebula
Image Credit & Copyright: Dimitris Valianos

Explanation: The North America nebula on the sky can do what the North America continent on Earth cannot -- form stars. Specifically, in analogy to the Earth-confined continent, the bright part that appears as the east coast is actually a hot bed of gas, dust, and newly formed stars known as the Cygnus Wall. The featured image shows the star forming wall lit and eroded by bright young stars and partly hidden by the dark dust they have created. The part of the North America nebula (NGC 7000) shown spans about 50 light years and lies about 1,500 light years away toward the constellation of the Swan (Cygnus).

Jigsaw Challenge: Astronomy Puzzle of the Day
Tomorrow's picture: little hat, big galaxy


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Tuesday, January 21, 2025

APOD - Comet ATLAS over Brasília

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2025 January 21
The buildings of a city are seen past a dark waterway.  Over the city are some dark clouds and above that, blue sky.  In the blue sky, partly obscured by some of the clouds, is  a comet with a very long tail, running from the middle to the  top of the frame.  Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Comet ATLAS over Brasília
Image Credit: Frederico Danin

Explanation: What's that in the sky? Above the city, above most clouds, far in the distance: it's a comet. Pictured, the impressive tail of Comet C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) was imaged from Brasília, Brazil four days ago. Last week the evolving comet rounded the Sun well inside the orbit of planet Mercury, going so close there was early concern that it might break up -- and recent evidence that it really did. At one point near perihelion, Comet ATLAS was so bright that sightings were even reported during the day -- over the bright sky near the Sun -- by careful observers. Over the past few days, Comet ATLAS has developed a long tail that has been partly visible with unaided eyes after sunset, most notably in Earth's southern hemisphere.

Growing Gallery: Comet ATLAS (G3)
Tomorrow's picture: up north


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Monday, January 20, 2025

APOD - Comet ATLAS Rounds the Sun

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2025 January 20
A comet is seen near the top of the image. The comet has  several tails visible, some being white but others having   different colors.   Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Comet ATLAS Rounds the Sun
Image Credit: NASA, SOHO Spacecraft, LASCO C3; Processing: Rolando Ligustri

Explanation: Why does Comet ATLAS have such colorful tails? Last week Comet C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) passed its closest to the Sun -- well inside the orbit of Mercury -- and brightened dramatically. Unfortunately, the comet was then so angularly near the Sun that it was very hard for humans to see. But NASA's SOHO spacecraft saw it. Pictured is a SOHO (LASCO C3) image of Comet ATLAS that is a composite of several different color filters. Of the several tails visible, the central white tails are likely made of dust and just reflecting back sunlight. The red, blue, and green tails are likely ion tails with their colors dominated by light emitted by specific gases that were ejected from the comet and energized by the Sun. Currently, Comet ATLAS is showing long tails in southern skies but fading as it moves out of the inner Solar System.

Growing Gallery: Comet ATLAS (G3)
Tomorrow's picture: long tails


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Sunday, January 19, 2025

APOD - Titan Touchdown: Huygens Descent Movie

Astronomy Picture of the Day

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2025 January 19

https://www.youtube.com/embed/msiLWxDayuA?rel=0


Titan Touchdown: Huygens Descent Movie
Video Credit: ESA, NASA, JPL, U. Arizona, E. Karkoschka

Explanation: What would it look like to land on Saturn's moon Titan? The European Space Agency's Huygens probe set down on the Solar System's cloudiest moon in 2005, and a time-lapse video of its descent images was created. Huygens separated from the robotic Cassini spacecraft soon after it achieved orbit around Saturn in late 2004 and began approaching Titan. For two hours after arriving, Huygens plummeted toward Titan's surface, recording at first only the shrouded moon's opaque atmosphere. The computerized truck-tire sized probe soon deployed a parachute to slow its descent, pierced the thick clouds, and began transmitting images of a strange surface far below never before seen in visible light. Landing in a dried sea and surviving for 90 minutes, Huygen's returned unique images of a strange plain of dark sandy soil strewn with smooth, bright, fist-sized rocks of ice.

Tomorrow's picture: high north


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